I dont belive so.
The Shotgun and the rifle are race specific items and no one exept that member of your team can use them.
Err, not entirely. I played through as a soldier and could choose the machine gun or the shotgun even though I had already built one for Grunt. I then played through as an Infiltrator and received the Anti-munitions sniper rifle - not sure on the exact name of it - or I could have taken assault rifles or shotguns as a class weapon. I would venture to say that they are generally class specific and not race specific.